According to Reaney in The Place Names of Essex, the name 'Harvey' of Peldon's Harvey's Farm dates back to 1366 when a John Hervy was listed as a holder of property in Peldon in a document called 'the Feet of Fines', an early record of land transactions. According to a researcher of Peldon's history in the 1930s

The name also appears in unpublished Court Rolls as HERVYE'S in 1430 and HARVIE'S in 1437 [ERO D/P 287/28/7 N.O.R. Sergeant]

These Court Rolls, whose whereabouts are now unknown, would most likely have been from Peldon Hall Manor - the principal Manor of the village and therefore, at this time, Harvey's would have been a Copyhold property belonging to the Lord of the Manor. A kind of leasehold, copyhold required that all transactions went through the manorial courts, certain 'fines' were paid and conditions exacted.

The house standing today is believed to date to the fifteenth century so if the earliest date above does refer to what we know as Harvey's Farm it is possible the farmhouse replaces an earlier building or parts of it are older than its Grade 2 listing record would indicate.

However, it is possible the name originates from a much later tenant farmer, Joseph Harvey, who lived in and farmed Harvey's Farm in the first part of the nineteenth century for over 30 years. No references to a farm called Harvey's have, so far, been found between those of the early 1400s and the nineteenth century.

The churchwarden in the 1930s who left us his notes on the church and village's history, N.O.R Sergeant, visited Harvey's Farm.

The original design probably consisted of a central hall with cross-wings at the North and South ends; with the upper storey projecting at both ends of the North wing and at the Western end of the South wing. The projections on the West side have been underbuilt. The house is partly timber-framed and partly of brick, but I think it most probable that originally the whole was timber-framed. The roof of the main block consists of two sloped surfaces, instead of one as in m/smiost buildings, and the lower slope is almost vertical. The South wing was rebuilt in the seventeenth century and what we term the main block in the eighteenth. Inside there is a very fine cambered tie-beam and another fine ancient beam which is above the great fireplace in what was the main hall. The present owner, Mr. E.A. Scales (to whom I am much indebted for his assistance in my investigations) tells me that during some recent alterations part of the interior of a wall on the ground floor was found to consist of wattle and daub, a material formerly much used for this purpose in this neighbourhood. How long the Harvey family who gave the house its name occupied it is a subject for further investigation but two at least of them rendered good service to Peldon. William Harvey was an 'overseer' of the parish in 1782 and for a good many years afterwards, and subsequently held other offices also. * Joseph Harvey whose grave-stone near the south door of the chancel is still quite legible, resigned the office of Rector's warden in 1858 after twenty-six years' service in that capacity [ERO D/P 287/28/7 N.O.R. Sergeant]

* William Harvey's son

Harvey's Farm is one of several surviving timber-framed medieval open hall houses in Peldon, including Peldon Hall, Home Farm, Sampton Wick, The Rose, Games Farm and Priest's House - the latter being the right-hand wing of a former hall house. The entry for Harvey's Farm on British History on-line reads  

Harvey's Farm, house, 700 yards S.W. of the church, is of two storeys, partly timber-framed and partly of brick; the roofs are tiled. It was built in the 15th century, probably with a central hall and cross-wings at the N. and S. ends. The S. wing was rebuilt in the 17th century and the main block in the 18th century. The upper storey formerly projected at both ends of the N. wing and at the W. end of the S. wing, but on the W. side these projections have been under-built. Inside the building is some exposed timber-framing and an original cambered tie-beam. British History on-line

It was first listed in June 1952 and the listing record gives further detail

Harveys Farmhouse
C15 hall house, with gabled crosswings. Timber framed and plastered with red plain tile roof, part gambrelled. Crosswings originally jettied, now underbuilt. 1:3 window range modern casements. Modern porch. Early C19 reeded surround with patera to entrance doorway. Some exposed framing on south end. North wing is C15, and there is a mid C16 inserted chimney stack and first floor to hall. Remains of C16 newel stair. South wing is early C17, with original framed side purlin roof.
https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1224766

To date, no surviving deeds have been seen which means a reliance on censuses and electoral rolls, a survey and a sale catalogue, oral history and the occasional newspaper entry which all focus on the last 200 years of its 600 year history.

The Brooke Pechells

A notable landowner, who held Harvey's Farm was Sir Samuel John Brooke Pechell, 3rd Baronet of Paglesham, from 1828, when a map of his estates in Essex [Essex Record Office D/DVb 15] was drawn up by cartographer, Thomas Cartwright and a survey was carried out as to acreage of each field on each farm. This is likely to have been commissioned due to the transfer of the farm to Samuel John after his father's death. His father Sir Thomas Brooke Pechell (1753 - 1826) appointed Samuel John, his eldest surviving son, as executor of his will and bequeathed all my real and personal property to him. [The Will of Sir Thomas Brooke Pechell: National Archives PROB 11/1719/38]. Although not named in the will, the likelihood is that Harvey's Farm was part of Sir Thomas's estate and therefore the Brooke Pechells' ownership of it pre-dates the survey of 1828.

The map below shows the land of the farm was bound by Glebe land and Peldon Hall Farm; an extra field that doesn't appear in a later map of 1909 abutts the land belonging to a member of the Papillon family, property owners in Little Wigborough. It is possible this field, on the west side of the farm is the plot where, since WW2, the Women's Land Army Hostel has stood. This field, it is believed, now belongs to the Hutley family who had Chestnuts (also known as Brick House Farm) in Little Wigborough during the nineteenth and into the twentieth century. The likelihood is the Hutleys bought this field at some time in the nineteenth century from the Brooke Pechells.

1828 map of Harvey's Farm, Peldon [E R O D/DVb 15]

A list of the fields accompanies the map, the area of the fields is given in acres roods and perches

Interestingly only a few years later when the tithe awards were published in 1840 only one of the field-names is exactly the same, Coblers Piece, while one or two others are close such as Long Silvers instead of Long Silvesters and Kithurds instead of Hit Heards.

Dying without issue in 1849 John Pechell passed on his estates to his brother Sir George Richard Brooke Pechell the 4th Baronet His brother is then listed in Peldon's electoral rolls as Sir Richard Brooke Pechell, owner of Harvey's Farm from 1850 up until 1858; Sir Richard was a Royal Navy Officer and a whig politician; he was to die in 1860.

By the time Harvey's Farm was put up for auction in 1909 it had been passed on to Augustus Alexander Brooke Pechell who was the 7th baronet of Paglesham. Harvey's Farm had by then been in the ownership of the Pechell family for over 80 years. [Appendix 1: The Pechell Family]

Joseph Harvey

A tenant of Harvey's farm for possibly over 30 years, was Joseph Harvey (c 1787 - 1863). Born and bred in Peldon he was descended from a family who had been in the village through several generations and can be traced back to the late 17th century - could they have been descended from the John Hervy who held a property in Peldon in 1366?

A Joseph Harvey is listed as living in Peldon in a poll book of 1830. These poll books record those who voted in parliamentary elections and Joseph Harvey, recorded as living in Peldon but owning a freehold in Layer de la Haye, occupied by Mr Green, had therefore met the criteria for gaining the vote by being a landowner. If the name of the farm can be attributed to him it would seem he was already tenant when Brooke Pechell commissioned a map of the estate in 1828.

The tithe awards for Layer de La Haye, dated 1837, show a Joseph Harvey owning a cottage and garden with two tenants and a piece of heathland. Benjamin Harvey, who was probably his brother, was the owner of a house, a blacksmith's and some cottages called Lower Houses in Layer. I believe it was another brother of theirs, Martin Harvey, who was a tenant farmer at Pete Hall for about ten years from 1834.

The Peldon Tithe awards, dated 1840, record Joseph Harvey to be a tenant of Sir James Brooke Pechell, in what we know to be Harvey's Farm. He is also a tenant of four arable fields owned by John Ransom, part of 'Ransomes' Farm (as it is spelt today).

The earliest census of 1841 lists Joseph Harvey as a farmer, aged 50, with wife Harriet aged 40, William Harvey, aged 30 (a nephew?) and Clarissa Borrodell aged 13. The unnamed address, but we presume to be Harvey's Farm, is located near Peldon Hall where the Bean family was in occupation.

The 1851 census often reveals much more about the families listed, where each individual was born their relationship to each other and their employment. At 60 years of age, Joseph, born in Peldon, is a farmer of 115 acres employing 7 men. His wife, Harriet, born in West Mersea, was a Borrodell before marriage and Clarissa Borrodell, aged 23, born in Great Wigborough is listed as the Harveys' niece. They also have a female servant. Although the farm is not named, the address is given as Maldon Road, Peldon. The family is living next door to John Wright, a farmer of 5 acres, who we know to be living by the forge, next to Harvey's Farm on the Maldon/Wigborough Road.

From 1845 until the late 1850s Joseph appears in all the electoral rolls for Peldon as a tenant of Sir John Brooke Pechell at Harvey's Farm but also as the owner of Ransomes Farm, Peldon. He is also listed as a farmer in the Kelly's trade directory of 1855.

In the 1861 census, Joseph, aged 70, is a retired farmer, and he and Harriet (now 64) are living with a female servant again in an unnamed house near the blacksmith's.

Joseph Harvey died on the 5th September 1863 and his probate describes him as a 'Gentleman' of Peldon. His executors were his brother, Benjamin Harvey, and nephews, William Croyden of East Donyland and William Borrodell, farmer. It would appear that Joseph and Harriet had not had children. From documents held by the National Archives both his niece, Julia Ellen Harvey, and his nephew, James Henry Edward Borrodell contested his will in 1865.

The gravestone of Joseph and Harriet Harvey in Peldon Churchyard

Here resteth the body of
JOSEPH HARVEY
for many years churchwarden
of this parish
who died September 5 1863
aged 78 years
We believe that Jesus died and rose again
even so them also which sleep in Jesus will
God bring with Him
And HARRIET
wife of the above
who died May 13th 1880
aged 84 years

In 1871 the farm is not named, just 'Farm House' but it is next to the blacksmith's which again would indicate it is Harvey's Farm. Robert Springett aged 51, a working bailiff (born in Peldon) is living with his wife Sarah (born in Norfolk) and step-daughter, Kate, born in Fingringhoe. Next door is 91 year old Mary Wood, an annuitant, the farm being divided into two dwellings at this point.

In 1881 the name Harvey's Farm appears in the census and George A Talman a 60 year old agricultural labourer born in West Mersea and his 59 year old wife, Hannah, born in Berechurch, are the only household.

In October 1882 the East Anglian Daily Times reported a Live and Dead farming stock sale at Harvey's, on whose behalf it does not say but it would have been for a tenant of the Brooke Pechells whose lease had expired. It included the household furniture, brewing and dairy utensils, wagons, farming implements 4 Useful Cart Mares and Geldings, Shorthorned Cow, Sows and Pigs, Poultry.

In 1891 Harriet Dyer, a widow born in West Mersea, aged 42, is living in Harvey's Farm and working as a tailoress with her three young children, Alice M aged 12, Edith E aged 5 and George aged 1, all born in Peldon. She also has a lodger, agricultural labourer Joseph Smith aged 67, a widower born in Birch.

Next door in the other half of the farmhouse is Henry Smith aged 38, an agricultural labourer born in Peldon, with his wife Angelina aged 33 born in West Mersea. Their children are Beatrice 13, Harry (an agricultural labourer) 16, William aged 8, Fred aged 5, Sidney aged 3 and Stanley aged 9 months all born in Peldon. This is 'Harry' Smith who was churchwarden for many years and had six sons who went to war in WW1; remarkably they all returned. We do know from local newspaper articles and obituaries the Smiths lived in Harvey's Farm before they moved to Sampsons Farm, Peldon. In fact, they were to move from farm to farm in Peldon, in 1881 they were in White House [now Sampton Wick], in 1891 in Harveys (oral history tells us son Luther, born in 1896, lived in Harvey's), by 1901 in Home Farm, then Sampsons by 1911.
See Harry and Angelina Smith

In 1901 living at Harvey's Farm is William Smith, aged 50 described as a 'foreman on farm'. He was born in Wigborough. His Irish wife is Julia aged 49 and they have son George, an agricultural labourer and Kate Russell aged 15, step-daughter, both born in Peldon. The three younger children are all born in Wigborough, Daniel aged 10, Edward aged 6 and Alfred aged 5. They also have Joseph Smith aged 77, born in Birch who was living there in the previous census.

In 1909, according to a sale catalogue in the Essex Records Office, Harvey's Farm was offered for sale on behalf of Augustus Alexander Brooke Pechell. This was the 7th baronet of Paglesham, his father was George Samuel the 5th baronet and his grandfather was Sir George Richard the 4th baronet. A A Brooke Pechell, born in 1857, served as a lieutenant colonel in the Royal Army Medical Corps and later at the Royal Hospital, Chelsea. He was a qualified doctor and surgeon and died in 1937.

Note the property is now described as 'freehold' and no longer belongs to the Manor.

PELDON, ESSEX
Particulars and Conditions of Sale of
ALL THAT
Highly Valuable
FREEHOLD FARM
KNOWN AS
HARVEY'S FARM
With Comfortable House and ample Agricultural Buildings, and Six Enclosures
of productive
ARABLE & PASTURE LAND
CONTAINING
60a,. 0r., 12p.,
Situate near Peldon Common, and abutting upon the High Road, with possession on completion
Which will be Sold by Auction, by

Messrs. ABREY & GARDNER
AT THE
BOARD ROOM, CORN EXCHANGE, COLCHESTER
On Saturday, July 17th, 1909
At 3 for 4 o'clock, IN ONE LOT,
By order of SIR A.A.BROOKE PECHELL, BART.
Particulars and Conditions of Sale with Plans, may be obtained at the place of Sale, of Messrs. DOWNING
GADBAN, Solicitors, Alton, Hants; and of the Auctioneers, Witham, Essex

RICHARD POOLE, PRINTER, MALDON

Inside the catalogue it describes

PARTICULARS
All that Small
FREEHOLD FARM
Known as
HARVEY'S FARM
Situate in the Parish of PELDON ESSEX, with the
BRICK, TIMBER AND TILED
FARMHOUSE
Containing two Sitting Rooms, Kitchen, Pantry, Wash-house with Brick-Oven, Dairy, Four Bedrooms and Attic;
Large and Productive Garden and Drying Ground.
The Capital Agricultural Buildings
Are in excellent repair and comprise Large Barn with good floor, Brick and Timber built and Slated with Cowhouse, Granary
and Lean-to Pigs' Courts with Yard adjoining
Timber and Tiled Horse Shed and enclosed Yard,
Brick and Tiled Stable and Cart Lodge,
TIMBER AND TILED CATTLE SHED AND ENCLOSED STOCK YARD
Together with
Six enclosures of productive
ARABLE AND PASTURE LAND
Containing by Ordnance Survey as follows:-

Map accompanying the sale catalogue for July 1909 [ERO SALE/B8024]

The lease-holder at the time of the sale was E A Fairhead, farmer at Brick House Farm in Peldon and in the September of the same year the East Anglian Daily Times advertised a farming stock sale due to Fairhead's tenancy of Harvey's farm coming to an end.

A newspaper clipping (unsourced) dated 23rd July 1909 reveals the new owner and what the sale realised.

By MESSRS ABREY and GARDNER at the Corn Exchange, Colchester, on Saturday
Harveys Farm, Peldon, freehold, house, buildings and 60a 0r. 12p. of arable and pasture land. Sold to Mr. T.B. Pertwee for £1,000

Thomas Barnard Pertwee was a farmer whose family had farmed The Lodge Farm in Langenhoe for generations and in the Kelly's trade directory of 1882 he was described as one of the principal landowners in Langenhoe. He stayed in The Lodge Farm until his death in his 72nd year in 1918. Upon his death he was described in the press as

one of the best-known of Essex agriculturalists [Chelmsford Chronicle 19th July 1918]

and as

a frequent contributor to the "Agricultural Gazette" [Westminster Gazette 27th September 1918]

His son, Frank Pertwee, who ran a business as a Colchester corn merchant, kept a farming interest in Langenhoe until 1924 although The Lodge Farm went up for auction in 1919; when Harvey's Farm in Peldon was sold has not been discovered.

Living at Harvey's Farm in the 1911 census, presumably with Thomas Pertwee as his new landlord, is William Cole, employed as a chauffeur and born in Layer de la Haye. His wife Freda was born at West Mersea and they have two children, both born in Layer, 2 year old Arthur and Maud aged 8 months.

In a nearby house is the Garrad family William, the head horseman on the farm, aged 46 from Great Bromley, May Ann his Suffolk-born wife aged 38 and their son George Edward aged 8 born in Redenhall, Norfolk.

On 13th November 1913 Peldon's burials register records the death of Mary Ann French of Harvey's Farm aged 58.

In the 1918 electoral roll Percy Golden Fairhead is listed at Harvey's (Kemp's Farm too) as are the Hiskys, John Thomas and Agnes, and the Ponders, Archibald and Allen. The Fairheads lived at Brick House Farm, Lower Road, Peldon and it is probable Percy had a lease on Harvey's Farm but was living at Brick House Farm while the Hiskys and Ponders were tenant occupiers.

In the 1921 census, Mark Everett, a gardener working for Mr. Cosmetto at Lanhams, Lodge Lane, Peldon is living at Harvey's with his wife Ada, née Wenlock, daughter Augusta, who was an 18 year old in service and 12 year old Henry.

In the 1929 electoral roll, again Percy G Fairhead has Harvey's (and Kemps) but also listed are Charles and Florence Daisy Baldwin and Alfred Thomas Gladwell and Rose Emmeline Gladwell.

The next owners were Edward H.A. Scales (1885 - 1970) and Victoria Maud Arnold (1893 - 1978) and it is thanks to a biography of their son George that we know so much about their family and their time at Harvey's Farm.

In 1933 the family sold their farm in Vange, Essex and bought Harvey's Farm in Peldon sixty-two acres for £840, or roughly £13.50 an acre.

The 1939 register reveals Edward H.A. Scales was a dairy farmer born in 1885 and was serving as an Air Raid Warden for Peldon. His wife Victoria M. Scales born in 1894 was a 1st Aider and Ambulance driver. Their son, John, born in 1920 and a 'cowman assisting father' is listed and there are names of, presumably, three of his siblings blacked out (this usually means they are potentially still alive). John was to become a pilot with the RAF and died on a mission in 1943; he was one of only four service men from Peldon to die during WW2. [See Appendix 2]

The father, Edward Athol Scales, was born in Wellington, New Zealand, and having moved back to New Zealand, died in the same place as his son Arthur, Tauranga, Bay of Plenty. Edward's wife, Victoria, born in Great Wakering, Essex, married Edward (her 2nd husband) in Billericay and also died in New Zealand.

Their children (Victoria also had a daughter Mary by her first marriage) were daughter, Maud who was known as 'Charlie' and served in Peldon's Women's Land Army during WW2; son John, pilot in the RAF (1920 - 1943); George (1921 - 2013) who was in Peldon's Home Guard briefly before enlisting and after the war stayed in Peldon at Harvey's Farm until 1955. Youngest son Arthur 'Joe' (1922 - 2011) was to marry Josephine Mary Booth in 1946, daughter of the late Albert Cecil Booth and Mrs Winifred Maud Booth from over the road at White House Farm (today known as Sampton Wick).

Son, George Scales, was awarded the Croix de Guerre for his part played in D Day and there is a full account in his book Full Ahead Together, a collaboration between George and writer Ian Baird. [see George Scales - Farmer ] In George's memoirs it seems that his parents were finding Harvey's Farm a strain and wanted to downsize to a more manageable piece of land with lower costs. They set their hearts on moving to Guernsey

and to that end they had spotted a small-holding on the island which was ideal except for one consideration: the house itself was like something out of the middle ages, with no electricity or running water, an earth-closet outside loo, and a state of decoration suggesting that no one had properly cared for the property for years. The deal was as follows: George was to buy forty-seven out of the sixty-seven acres of Harvey's Farm in exchange for the money he had saved (£1400) in the war plus three months' hard labour in Guernsey preparing the house for his parents' arrival. The other twenty acres of Harvey's Farm were to be a gift to brother Joe (In the event, Joe could not make a living from such a small holding, and after a short time, George came to an amicable agreement with him and bought him out, so before he had been farming for two years he was the sole owner of the farm his parents had owned.) [Ian Baird: Full Ahead Together]

In the early days back at Harvey's Farm after marrying and spending three months on Guernsey rebuilding a home for his parents, George continued for a while with his herd of cattle and milk production. Finding that his herd were carrying, although not suffering from, TB, George decided to sell the cattle and replace the herd with pedigree Guernseys from which he could manufacture cream, the profit from which was likely to be far in excess of anything he'd earn from standard milk from standard cows.

Having made the change from milk to cream production, he now faced the problem of making it pay. As well as the more obvious outlets he decided to have a go at direct sales... In the immediate post-war years one of the harshest deprivations was the very meagre ration of eggs, and the appalling stuff that was sold as 'powdered egg' was no substitute. When people passing the farm gate saw a sign advertising Eggs and Cream for sale, therefore, many of them drove up the drive, salivating at the prospect of getting a few extra. Unfortunately, when they asked for some eggs, they were told that the last ones had just been sold. In fact there were no eggs on the farm - never were. But once people had stopped at a farm where cream was on offer at a very competitive price, they were nearly always ready to buy a pint. It was an unusual, and perhaps in the strictest sense not entirely ethical, way of conducting business, but it would be a harsh judgement to call it illegal. [Ian Baird Full Ahead Together: Page 105]

In 1953 he read of a Coronation Ball which was going to take place in London with strawberries and cream being one of the attractions. The caterers were to be the famous Piccadilly house of Fortnum and Mason. So George charged in to the Piccadilly centre of operations, asked who was arranging the Coronation Ball and said he could provide the cream for it at a price they would love... although it took all George's time and effort to collect together the amount of cream they wanted - and he even had to import it from the Channel islands - he did it, and made a bomb on the deal. [Ian Baird Full Ahead Together :Page 106]

In 1954 Bill Bruton, a young farmer whose father paid for him to undergo a year's training under George Scales at Harvey's Farm before going to Writtle Agricultural College, bought the land belonging to White House Farm opposite. Then in 1955 George sold Harvey's Farm to Bill and moved to a farm in Abbess Rodings where he was to farm for the rest of his life, naming his farm there after one of the fields at Harvey's Farm, 'Cobblers Pieces'.

George's memoir reveals that when George started at Harvey's Farm in 1946 the ratio of workers to acreage was one man for every 30 acres, in 1955, his last year in Peldon one man for every 42 acres and at Cobbler's Pieces in Abbess Roding one man for every 247 acres.

George Scales was a character and there are still people who remember him, Penny Burr née Pullen who was brought up at the Peldon Rose - her father was the publican - remembers she and her sister knew to keep out of the way when they heard George Scales driving his tractor at breakneck speed through the village and several remember George buying his second wife a pale blue Rolls Royce upon their marriage. George became press officer for the Essex branch of the National Union of Farmers and was known for his letters to The Times!

Back at Harvey's Farm, Bill and Pat Bruton were followed by Valentine and Marianne West who lived in the village for many years and were very involved with community and church, a Mr. Adams followed and sold to the current owners - interestingly another couple from New Zealand!

This brings us to the end of the last 200 years of Harvey's Farm's history. To get further back in time the discovery of the earlier name or names of the farm is vital. I suspect the missing Court Rolls for Peldon Manor could well answer our questions!

Elaine Barker
Peldon History Project

Appendix 1: The Pechell Family

The Pechell family were Huguenots and fled the Languedoc region at the time of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685 when due to the persecution of Protestants many fled France. The Pechells were to settle in Ireland initially before coming to England.

The baronetcy of Paglesham was awarded Paul Pechell by King George III and in subsequent generations until the 20th century the family added the name 'Brooke', the surname of Paul Pechell's wife, Mary Brooke whose family were from Paglesham. The baronetcy was awarded first in 1787 and became extinct in 1984.

'Sir John Brooke Pechell', owner of Harvey's farm, was Samuel John Brooke Pechell, 3rd baronet, of Paglesham, and his father was 2nd baronet, Sir Thomas Brooke Pechell. When John died childless his brother Sir George Richard Brooke - Pechell, 4th baronet, inherited.

Sir John is listed in the tithe awards as being the owner of Harvey's farm with tenant Joseph Harvey. Brooke Pechell is then listed in the electoral rolls as the landowner from 1845 to 1849; he died in 1849. During this time Joseph is listed as his tenant in the electoral rolls

A prominent British Royal Navy Officer in the nineteenth century, Rear-Admiral Sir Samuel John Brooke Pechell, 3rd Baronet CB, KCH, FRS (1 September 1785 - 3 November 1849) served in several celebrated naval actions of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. His most important achievements were made while serving as a Lord of the Admiralty, pioneering the science and instruction of rapid and accurate gunnery in the Royal Navy through training facilities and manuals.

In addition to his work at the Admiralty, Brooke Pechell served in the House of Commons for two constituencies and was on good terms with King William IV, who supported his efforts to improve standards of gunnery and returned him to the Admiralty in 1839 after a five-year absence caused by his support for the Whig government. In 1826 he inherited the Brooke Pechell Baronetcy from his father, but died childless and the title passed to his brother George Richard Brooke Pechell (1789 - 1860), who, as we have seen is listed as the owner of Harvey's in the electoral rolls from 1850 to 1858.

Appendix 2: John Scales

See Edwin Sparrow's account of John's wartime role John Scales Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve

Below are the two memorials for John Scales at the Rheinberg War Cemetery; the second is the grave marker which was for all the crew of the plane - with thanks to thanks to 466and462squadrons.com

FLYING OFFICER
J SCALES
PILOT
ROYAL AIR FORCE 20th DECEMBER 1943

O VALIANT HEART
TRANQUIL YOU LIE
YOUR MEMORY HALLOWED
IN THE LAND YOU LOVED